However, the net debt to equity ratio of steel companies is still significantly better than in the 2010-2019 period.

In November alone, production of finished steel reached over 1.82 million tonnes.

Europe may continue to dominate US thermal coal exports in 2023 but demand for high-sulfur coal may wane.

This has been a year of crisis for the nickel market.

US hot rolled coil (HRC) spot prices moved down as the market remained quiet due to the Christmas holiday.

The domestic demand forecast was cautiously optimistic, according to market sources, led by stronger increased spending for the infrastructure market.

Elevated production costs for Turkish producers amid low scrap availability and less slab purchasing options.

"Pretty much everyone accepts the current level [of premiums] is the new reality", a trader said.